Ukraine
10 Nov: Ukrainian troops ‘start surrendering’ in key city but Kyiv says situation ‘dynamic’
02 Nov: Nato ‘will stand with Ukraine’ to get long-lasting peace, senior official tells BBC
03 Nov: Trump Again Plays Down Prospects Of Tomahawk Deliveries To Ukraine, For Now
03 Nov: Built in the shadows, launched at night: Ukraine’s long-range drone strikes on Russian refineries
03 Nov: Ukraine gets more Patriot air defense systems to counter deadly Russian attacks
04 Nov: Zelensky visits troops near embattled Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk
05 Nov: Why Ukraine is struggling to hold on to the ruined city of Pokrovsk
06 Nov: Why the fall of Pokrovsk would matter to Ukraine and Russia
06 Nov: Latvia completes Patria 6×6 deliveries to Ukraine
07 Nov: Russian Soldier Gets Life In Prison In Ukraine For Battlefield Execution
08 Nov: Ukraine says over 1,400 Africans recruited to fight for Russia in war
09 Nov: Russian strikes hit apartment building and energy sites in Ukraine, killing 4
11 Nov: Russians agree to quit Serbian oil company as US sanctions bite
11 Nov: Funeral of Dubliner killed fighting for Ukraine to take place after remains recovered
13 Nov: Russia’s attacks have ramped up – Ukraine is fighting to hold on through another winter
13 Nov: Russia Just Created a “Drone Force” to Counter Ukraine’s Drone Unit
13 Nov: Kenya says former soldiers among citizens fighting for Russia in Ukraine
13 Nov: Political pressure mounts on Belgium to back reparations loan for Ukraine
13 Nov: Nordic, Baltic allies fund $500m Ukraine arms package
14 Nov: Russian Partial Battlefield Air Interdiction Enabled Recent Russian Advances in Pokrovsk
14 Nov: Russian attacks on Kyiv ‘calculated and wicked’, says Zelenskyy
15 Nov: How to fight in ‘hell’: Ukraine veterans say Nato not ready for war with Russia
16 Nov: Zelenskyy signs LNG deal with Greece, the first EU country to adopt US energy agenda
19 Nov: Pentagon officials arrive in Ukraine to discuss military tech, explore peace efforts
19 Nov: At least 25 killed in Russian attacks on war-torn Ukraine’s Ternopil
20 Nov: Ukrainian teen saboteurs recruited on Telegram to attack their own country
20 Nov: Zelensky ready to work with US on plan to end war
20 Nov: What do we know about the reported US-Russian plan to end the Ukraine war?
22 Nov: Ukraine’s European allies say US peace plan needs ‘work’
23 Nov: In Ukraine’s ‘kill-zone’, robots are a lifeline to troops trapped on perilous eastern front
24 Nov: ‘No one will support it’: Ukraine’s soldiers react to US peace plan
24 Nov: Who actually wrote US-Russian peace plan for Ukraine?
24 Nov: Different Visions: Where The US And Europe Part Ways On Ukraine Peace
25 Nov: Russia and Ukraine swap strikes as peace plan talks persist
26 Nov: US trumpets Ukraine talks progress – but source reveals significant obstacles
26 Nov: US Envoy’s Leaked Call Raises Concerns Over Ukraine Peace Deal
26 Nov: Ukraine talks: ‘Europe must keep pressure on Russia’, von der Leyen says
26 Nov: Can Europe prevent an unjust ‘peace’ in Ukraine – and what is at stake if it fails?
26 Nov: NATO and Ukraine announce new joint-initiative to accelerate defence innovation: UNITE – Brave NATO
28 Nov: Yermak Resigns After Ukrainian Anti-Graft Investigators Launch Surprise Search Of His Office
28 Nov: In Geneva and Pokrovsk, Ukraine fights Trump peace plan and Putin’s troops
29 Nov: Russian strikes cause power outages for more than 600,000 in Ukraine
29 Nov: Ukrainian naval drones strike two Russian oil tankers in Black Sea
30 Nov: Rubio called US-Ukraine talks productive but says more work needs to be done to reach a deal
Middle East
03 Nov: Iraq can disarm factions only when the US withdraws, prime minister says
04 Nov: How the arrest of the military’s top lawyer over a leaked abuse video has rocked Israel
05 Nov: Iran releases two French nationals imprisoned for three years
07 Nov: The battle over Gaza’s future: Why no-one can agree on the rebuild
07 Nov: US, UK lift sanctions on Syrian president Ahmed al-Sharaa after UNSC decision
11 Nov: Syrian leader in Washington: Start of a new regional order?
11 Nov: Hamas fighters trapped in tunnels present new obstacle to Gaza ceasefire progress
12 Nov: US Treasury Disrupts Iran’s Transnational Missile and UAV Procurement Networks
13 Nov: Israeli settler attack on West Bank mosque draws international condemnation
13 Nov: Syria: DP World begins Tartus port operations
14 Nov: Rocket attack in Syria’s capital wounds 1 person and causes damage
15 Nov: IRGC says tanker seized near Iran’s waters based on judicial order
16 Nov: Israeli troops fire at UN peacekeepers in Lebanon
17 Nov: Two US marines implicated in killing family in notorious Iraq war shooting, expert tells BBC
17 Nov: Germany to lift partial weapons embargo on Israel
18 Nov: UN Security Council backs Trump peace plan for Gaza
18 Nov: Israeli army says it struck ‘Hamas training compound’ in Lebanon, killing at least 13
19 Nov: Why Trump’s plan to sell F-35 jets to Saudi Arabia is so controversial
20 Nov: Israeli airstrikes kill 25 Palestinians in Gaza, rattling fragile ceasefire, medics say
21 Nov: Iran rejects UN atomic agency’s resolution and threatens more reprisal actions
21 Nov: Anti-Hamas armed groups seek future role under Gaza peace plan
24 Nov: France seeks progress on nuclear talks as Iran top diplomat to visit Paris
24 Nov: Who was Haytham Ali Tabatabai, Hezbollah official killed by Israel?
28 Nov: Israeli forces kill Palestinian men in West Bank after they appear to surrender
28 Nov: Israeli forces kill at least 13 people in raid on Syrian village, officials and residents say
28 Nov: UN Committee against Torture publishes findings on Albania, Argentina, Bahrain and Israel
29 Nov: Palestinian death toll surpasses 70,000 since start of Israel-Hamas war, Gaza ministry says
Africa
03 Nov: Lagos residents react to Trump’s threat of military action against Nigeria
03 Nov: Tanzania: President sworn in after disputed election
05 Nov: Sudan funeral drone attack kills at least 40 as fighting spreads into Kordofan region
05 Nov: ‘My skin was peeling’ – the African women tricked into making Russian drones
07 Nov: EU vessel reaches ship raided by pirates off Somalia, confirms all 24 crew on board are safe
07 Nov: Tanzania charges hundreds of people with treason after protests over disputed election
07 Nov: France urges citizens to leave Mali as armed group blockade intensifies
08 Nov: Nigerians demand own solutions to violence as Trump threatens US invasion
10 Nov: Daughter of ex-South Africa president Zuma faces trial over deadly riots. Here’s what to know
12 Nov: How jihadists have brought a nation to a standstill with their fuel blockade
13 Nov: Sudan’s top paramilitary adviser says US calls to cut supply of weapons may ‘jeopardise ceasefire’
13 Nov: South Sudan’s president sacks vice president and potential successor
15 Nov: DR Congo and M23 rebel group sign a framework agreement for a peace deal in Qatar
17 Nov: Gunmen abduct 25 schoolgirls in northwestern Nigeria
17Nov: US Army sergeant who police say had grenades in his vehicle arrested in East Africa
17 Nov: Ethiopia confirms three deaths in new Marburg virus outbreak
18 Nov: France’s TotalEnergies accused of complicity in ‘civilian massacre’ in Mozambique
18 Nov: UN says Terrorism in Africa, a ‘growing global threat’
20 Nov: Biafran separatist leader sentenced to life on terrorism charges by Nigerian court
21 Nov: UN decries ‘truly horrific’ massacres in DR Congo
23 Nov: Escalating war of words between Ethiopia and Eritrea triggers fears of conflict
23 Nov: 50 schoolchildren escape captivity in Nigeria, more than 200 still held
24 Nov: Daughter of ex-South African leader Zuma is accused of luring men to fight in Russia-Ukraine war
25 Nov: Russian mercenaries accused of cold-blooded killings in Mali – BBC speaks to eyewitnesses
27 Nov: The kidnap gangs, jihadists and separatists wreaking havoc in Nigeria
28 Nov: Trump has pledged to help end the fighting in Sudan. Will it be enough?
Asia
07 Nov: Explosions at a mosque in an Indonesian high school injure 54: Suspect is student
07 Nov: Trump And Central Asia Reach Critical Minerals Deal At Washington Summit
11 Nov: ‘I can’t breathe in this city’: inaction over Delhi’s suffocating pollution sparks rare protest
11 Nov: India on edge after deadly car explosion in capital region. Here’s what we know
11 Nov: Spy chief warns of China espionage threat to business, critical infrastructure
12 Nov: How Sanae Takaichi’s Taiwan remark stirred up a diplomatic storm between Japan and China
14 Nov: Pakistan says it has arrests 4 militants over involvement in suicide bombing at Islamabad court
14 Nov: Australia & NZ: Dozens of schools and childcare centres report using asbestos-contaminated sand
15 Nov: What’s next after Thailand suspends Cambodia ceasefire pact?
15 Nov: Why India caps pollution reading at 500 when the air is far more toxic
16 Nov: Indian counterterrorism agency arrests alleged co-conspirator in Red Fort suicide bombing
17 Nov: Japan says warplanes scrambled as Chinese drone detected near southern island close to Taiwan
18 Nov: Why India likely won’t return Hasina to face Bangladesh death penalty
18 Nov: Defending Australians against espionage
19 Nov: China could invade Taiwan with ‘little advance warning’: U.S. Commission
20 Nov: Chinese woman who became Philippines mayor gets life for human trafficking
21 Nov: Reliance ends use of Russian crude for exports to comply with EU sanctions
25 Nov: China launches emergency rescue mission for stranded astronauts
25 Nov: Taliban Blames Pakistan For Air Strikes Killing 10, Including 9 Children
30 Nov: Sydney: Violent explosion during St Marys fire described as ‘once in a career type of experience’
Americas
01 Nov: Trump threatens Nigeria with potential military action, escalates claim of Christian persecution
03 Nov: Trump downplays US war threat in Venezuela, says Maduro’s days are ‘numbered’
05 Nov: FBI names third man accused of planning Halloween terror attack in Michigan
05 Nov: Air traffic controllers warn of ‘tipping point’ as U.S. government shutdown drags on
06 Nov: U.S. Senate Republicans veto legislation to limit Trump’s ability to attack Venezuela
07 Nov: Peruvian Congress votes to declare Mexico’s president persona non grata after asylum offer
09 Nov: US government shutdown delays weapons exports to NATO allies and Ukraine
10 Nov: Trump’s Caribbean Campaign: The Data Behind Operation Southern Spear
12 Nov: Canada Loses Its Measles Elimination Status: A Cautionary Tale for America
12 Nov: World’s most powerful warship arrives in Caribbean
12 Nov: UK stops some intelligence sharing with US over boat strikes in Caribbean
13 Nov: Explosive device damages restaurant near Las Vegas Strip
13 Nov: Canada says Russia and China are ramping up spy efforts in Arctic region
14 Nov: AI firm claims it stopped Chinese state-sponsored cyber-attack campaign
14 Nov: ‘Enemy KIA’: Trump revives playbook from Afghanistan for campaign targeting alleged drug boats
15 Nov: Colombian Military Kills 9 Guerrilla Fighters in Bombing
17 Nov: Ecuador rejects U.S. military bases in major defeat for President Noboa
17 Nov: Acting FEMA chief David Richardson resigns from Trump administration
17 Nov: Trump says he would be ‘OK’ launching strikes in Mexico to fight drug smuggling
18 Nov: A Chinese firm bought an insurer for CIA agents – part of Beijing’s trillion dollar spending spree
18 Nov: Pentagon Research Chief Tightens List of Top Technology Priorities
20 Nov: Tracking US warship build up near Venezuela
24 Nov: U.S. set to label Maduro-tied Cartel de los Soles as a terror organization. It’s not a cartel per se
25 Nov: Trump moves to classify Muslim Brotherhood chapters as ‘terrorist organisations’
26 Nov: Binance accused of aiding terrorists in new lawsuit
27 Nov: Trump vows immigration crackdown after shootings of National Guardsmen in DC
28 Nov: Trump suspends immigration from ‘Third World’, orders review of green cards
28 Nov: Two former Peruvian presidents jailed in two days
29 Nov: Venezuela denounces Trump’s airspace remarks as ‘colonialist threat’
30 Nov: Lawmakers voice bipartisan support for congressional reviews of Trump’s boat strikes
UK & Europe
31 Oct: UK: Security concerns over system at heart of digital ID
02 Nov: Cambridgeshire train attack – what we know so far
02 Nov: Defence boost could bring thousands of jobs to Huntingdonshire
03 Nov: UK: Military gap years for school-leavers to be introduced before general election
03 Nov: Action demanded over toxic ‘forever chemicals’ in UK water supplies
03 Nov: Radicalised East Yorkshire Muslim convert found guilty of planning terror attack
04 Nov: Counter-terror police investigate claim UK university halted research after Chinese pressure
04 Nov: Sussex: Counter-terrorism team takes on mosque arson case
05 Nov: Prisoners in exile tell of brutality behind bars in Belarus
05 Nov: Driver rams car into people on French island of Île d’Oléron, injuring at least five
05 Nov: Isle of Wight: Boy and man bailed over weapon and explosives probe
06 Nov: Poland to offer military training to all its citizens
06 Nov: Experts warn of ‘super-infectious’ bird flu as farmers told to prepare
06 Nov: Joint Expeditionary Force launches enhanced partnership with Ukraine
07 Nov: Belgium’s Liege airport temporarily halts flights after new drone sighting
07 Nov: Briton who volunteered as spy for Russia jailed
07 Nov: Ireland: Extremists threatened to attack a mosque and migrant hotels, court hears
09 Nov: UK to help protect Belgium after suspected Russian drone incursions
09 Nov: Four charged after disturbances at Israel Philharmonic concert in Paris
09 Nov: New flu virus mutation could see ‘worst season in a decade’
10 Nov: Doctor goes on trial accused of killing six in Christmas market attack in Germany
10 Nov: Woman taken to hospital after ‘harmful substance’ thrown at her in Glasgow
10 Nov: A Kremlin target? Exiled Church man hits back at claims of spying
11 Nov: Kirkby teenager charged with multiple terrorism offences after alleged ‘threats to kill’
11 Nov: Galliford Try in new bid to rid delayed scheme of legionella
13 Nov: Turkey temporarily grounds C-130 planes after crash kills 20 military personnel
13 Nov: Environment Secretary orders probe after Southern Water plastic spill at Camber Sands
13 Nov: Police update after bomb scare in Weston-super-Mare
13 Nov: Sixth suspect arrested in Germany over alleged Hamas plot to attack Jewish targets
13 Nov: Isle of Wight petting farm fined after disease infects hundreds of visitors
13 Nov: 10 years after Bataclan massacre, Paris is still scarred by Islamic State attacks
13 Nov: Germany inches closer to bringing back mandatory military service
13 Nov: Three men in Coventry arrested on suspicion of terrorism offences
14 Nov: New team to investigate if there are more ‘Toxic Town’ waste dump sites around Corby
17 Nov: Mysterious drones have been spotted at night at airports across Europe. How worried should we be?
17 Nov: China’s investment spree in UK gave it access to military-grade technology, BBC told
17 Nov: Wimbledon van explosion as man rushed to hospital with scene outside London Underground station
17 Nov: Poland suspects ‘foreign intelligence services’ after explosion hits railway line to Ukraine
17 Nov: British carrier strike group now under NATO command
18 Nov: Time to act and not react: how can the European Union turn the tide of antimicrobial resistance?
18 Nov: Eleven countries added to methanol poisoning warning list
18 Nov: Suspected Hezbollah member goes on trial in Germany
18 Nov: Polish rail track sabotaged by Ukrainians working for Russia, Tusk says
19 Nov: Watch out for online contact with Chinese spies, UK defence minister warns public
19 Nov: UK lacks plan to defend itself from attack, warn MPs
19 Nov: Alleged terrorist only ‘pretended to go along with the plot so he could sabotage it’, court hears
19 Nov: Russian Spy Ship Yantar Points Laser at RAF P-8 Poseidon on the Edge of UK Waters
19 Nov: On the front line of Europe’s standoff with Russia’s sanction-busting shadow fleet
19 Nov: What is the mysterious Yantar ‘spy ship’ – and is it mapping Britain’s undersea cables?
19 Nov: EU rolls out plan to make it easier to deploy tanks and troops at short notice
20 Nov: Italy to extradite Ukrainian Nord Stream sabotage suspect to Germany
20 Nov: France’s top general under fire after saying country must be ‘prepared to lose children’
21 Nov: Serbia’s Vučić denies link to alleged Sarajevo ‘sniper tourism’
21 Nov: Reform UK’s former Wales leader Nathan Gill jailed for accepting pro-Russian bribes
23 Nov: Wales: Suspected Russian tracking device found by scuba divers
24 Nov: British navy intercepts Russian corvette and tanker as Moscow steps up naval activity
25 Nov: Seven alleged members of German far-left group go on trial over attacks
25 Nov: Palestine Action activist hit police officer with sledgehammer, jury told
25 Nov: Drones spotted over Dutch military airfields and Eindhoven Airport
25 Nov: Fireworks feared inside London warehouse as 150 firefighters tackle major blaze
25 Nov: UK: Teen joked about shooting peers, twin tells court
26 Nov: Police carry out controlled explosion in NI town after WW2 bomb found
27 Nov: West Yorkshire gang who stole 330,000 bullets from lorry in West Midlands sentenced
27 Nov: France’s Macron unveils 10-month voluntary military service in face of Russia threat
27 Nov: They can’t crush our protests, vow Georgians after year of resistance
28 Nov: Talks for UK to join EU defence fund collapse in blow to Starmer’s bid to reset relations
28 Nov: Orban defies EU by promising Putin to keep buying Russian oil
29 Nov: Police given more time to question man arrested over Heaton Park synagogue attack
29 Nov: Pipe bomb made safe in Dunmurry security alert
30 Nov: WW1 toxic compound sprayed on Georgian protesters, BBC evidence suggests
Technology – Military
03 Nov: Netherlands formally transfers 18 F-16 fighter jets to Romania for use at European training centre
04 Nov: GA-ASI Unveils Gambit 6 Multirole Collaborative Combat Aircraft
06 Nov: Royal Navy Puts Rattler Unmanned Surface Vessels to the Test
07 Nov: Ajax: Britain’s new armoured fighting vehicle enters service
07 Nov: Rheinmetall Starts Building $346M Artillery Ammunition Plant in Lithuania
07 Nov: China next-gen aircraft carrier enters service
11 Nov: Switzerland awards multispectral camouflage system contracts to three companies
13 Nov: Japan’s Next-Gen Missile Prototype Emerges With New Turbojet Engine
14 Nov: From florist to drone maker: How the weapon became so mainstream
14 Nov: Ukraine begins serial production of Octopus interceptors to combat Shahed drone threats
19 Nov: Lockheed Martin Uses 5th Gen Fighter to Command Drone in Flight
20 Nov: US approves $93m arms sale to India as trade tensions ease
20 Nov: £316m deal for Royal Navy’s first laser weapon after successful high-speed drone trials
25 Nov: Sweden strengthens air defence capability with new IRIS-T SLS short-range systems
25 Nov: Private Chinese company rolls out Mach 7 hypersonic missile at nearly 90% lower cost
27 Nov: Pakistan tests new hypersonic anti-ship missile
27 Nov: Ukraine and UK sign licensing deal for large-scale production of Octopus interceptor drones
27 Nov: Poland picks Saab’s A26 submarine design, contract eyed by year’s end
28 Nov: Canada: DND advances innovation in drone detection technology
Technology –Biological / Medical
03 Nov: Researchers pinpoint target for treating virus that causes the stomach bug
03 Nov: New Study Reveals Not All Bats Carry Equal Viral Risk
04 Nov: AI can speed antibody design to thwart novel viruses: study
04 Nov: Next-Generation Wound Care: Guiding the Body to Heal Itself
05 Nov: New Approach Expands Possibilities for Studying Viruses in the Ocean Environment
05 Nov: Rabies resurgence in Peru highlights global threats of health inequity
06 Nov: Garden shed of vaccine pioneer Edward Jenner added to heritage at risk register
06 Nov: Unlocking how viruses punch above their weight
06 Nov: COVID-19 vaccination linked to reduced infections in children with eczema
06 Nov: Study finds military deployment linked to higher risk of respiratory diseases (Study Details)
06 Nov: Scientists Develop Models to Combat the Mosquito Menace
07 Nov: Women are three times more likely than men to get severe long COVID: Here’s why
07 Nov: Evolving antibiotic resistance under pressure
07 Nov: Particles that enhance mRNA delivery could reduce vaccine dosage and costs
10 Nov: New whooping cough vaccine could transform respiratory disease treatment
11 Nov: Scottish scientists tackle vampire bat rabies threat in Amazon (Background)
12 Nov: Stanford Medicine scientists tie lupus to a virus nearly all of us carry
12 Nov: Study Reveals that Flu Vaccine Performance Varies by Age
12 Nov: ‘A sigh of relief’: New malaria drug succeeds in large clinical trial
13 Nov: Manganese is Lyme disease’s double-edge sword
14 Nov: Single-dose malaria treatment as effective as multi-dose regimen, trial shows
14 Nov: New test could allow for more accurate Lyme disease diagnosis
14 Nov: Early MMR Vaccine Adoption During the 2025 Texas Measles Outbreak
14 Nov: New test could speed detection of three serious regional fungal infections
17 Nov: Study Reveals Many PTSD Therapies Struggle to Retain Veterans in Treatment
17 Nov: PRRSV Vaccine Effectiveness Linked to T Cell Response
17 Nov: Study in Europe: monoclonal antibodies effectively prevent respiratory syncytial virus in infants
18 Nov: A new gateway to global antimicrobial resistance data
18 Nov: Predicting disease outbreaks using social media
18 Nov: Molecule that could cause COVID clotting key to new treatments
18 Nov: Study reveals how the gut builds long-lasting immunity after viral infections
20 Nov: EXPERT REACTION: mRNA flu vaccine is up to 34.5% more effective than current flu vaccines
20 Nov: UCL: AI tool spots blood cell abnormalities missed by doctors
21 Nov: La Jolla Institute scientists discover how T cells transform to defend our organs
21 Nov: A fast, lasting defense against a deadly virus (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever)
21 Nov: Scientists Uncover How COVID-19 Variants Outsmart the Immune System
21 Nov: UVA, Military Researchers Seek Better Ways to Identify, Treat Blast-Related Brain Injuries
21 Nov: Researchers Develop AI Microscopy Workflow to Diagnose Disease from a Single Blood Droplet
24 Nov: Malaria Parasites Move on Right-Handed Helices
24 Nov: COVID vaccine tech could limit snake venom damage
25 Nov: Hospital bug jumps from lungs to gut, raising sepsis risk
25 Nov: Staphylococci: Nasal microbiome: resource scarcity as opportunity
26 Nov: Research into zoonotic disease risks requires a One Health approach
26 Nov: Climate change could expand habitats for malaria mosquitoes, researchers warn
26 Nov: Experimental mRNA Therapy Shows Potential to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Infections
26 Nov: Pesticides and other common chemical pollutants are toxic to our ‘good’ gut bacteria
27 Nov: Nobel Prize-awarded material that puncture and kill bacteria
27 Nov: Bird flu viruses are resistant to fever, making them a major threat to humans
Technology – Nuclear
01 Nov: Here comes Russia’s first serial submarine to carry nuclear-powered giga-torpedoes
03 Nov: Trump’s nuclear weapons tests won’t include explosions ‘right now,’ official says
05 Nov: What should countries do with their nuclear waste?
05 Nov: Scientists achieve 10 times hydrogen output from nuclear waste using new method
11 Nov: Atomic responsiveness: How public opinion shapes elite beliefs and preferences on nuclear weapon use
13 Nov: US ‘disappointed’ that Rolls-Royce will build UK’s first small modular reactors
18 Nov: State-of-the-art multimodal imaging and therapeutic strategies in radiation-induced brain injury
20 Nov: Keel laid for the Stalingrad nuclear icebreaker
22 Nov: Kashiwazaki-Kariwa; World’s biggest nuclear plant edges closer to restart
24 Nov: Radical reforms needed to UK nuclear regulation, says taskforce
Technology – Other
07 Nov: Fire-blocking non-toxic chemicals promise safer buildings
07 Nov: Engineered biochar offers affordable solution to water pollution
